• • Table of Contents Index Routing TCP/IP, Volume II (CCIE Professional Development) By Jeff Doyle CCIE #1919, Jennifer DeHaven Carroll CCIE #1402 Publisher: Cisco Press Pub Date: April 11, 2001 ISBN: 1-57870-089-2 Pages: 976 Slots: 2 The complexities of exterior gateway protocols, including TCP connections, message states, path attributes, interior routing protocol interoperation, and setting up neighbor connections, require a comprehensive understanding of router operations in order to manage network growth. Routing TCP/IP, Volume II, provides you with the expertise necessary to understand and implement BGP-4, multicast routing, Network Address Translation, IPv6, and effective router management techniques. Jeff Doyle's practical approach, easy-to-read format, and comprehensive topic coverage make this book an instant classic and a must-have addition to any network professional's library. Routing TCP/IP, Volume II expands upon the central theme of Volume I: scalability and management of network growth. Volume II moves beyond the interior gateway protocols covered in Volume I to examine both inter-autonomous system routing and more exotic routing issues such as multicasting and IPv6. This second volume follows the same informational structure used effectively in Volume I: discussing the topic fundamentals, following up with a series of configuration examples designed to show the concept in a real-world environment, and relying on tested troubleshooting measures to resolve any problems that might arise. Designed not only to help you walk away from the CCIE lab exam with one of those valued and valuable numbers after your name, this book also helps you to develop the knowledge and skills essential to a CCIE. Whether you are pursuing CCIE certification, need to review for your CCIE recertification exam, or are just looking for expert-level advice on advanced routing issues, Routing TCP/IP, Volume II helps you understand foundation concepts and apply best practice techniques for effective network growth and management. • • Table of Contents Index Routing TCP/IP, Volume II (CCIE Professional Development) By Jeff Doyle CCIE #1919, Jennifer DeHaven Carroll CCIE #1402 Publisher: Cisco Press Pub Date: April 11, 2001 ISBN: 1-57870-089-2 Pages: 976 Slots: 2 Copyright About the Authors About the Technical Reviewers Acknowledgments Introduction Icons Used in This Book Command Syntax Conventions Part I: Exterior Gateway Protocols Chapter 1. Exterior Gateway Protocol The Origins of EGP Operation of EGP Shortcomings of EGP Configuring EGP Troubleshooting EGP Looking Ahead Review Questions Configuration Exercises Troubleshooting Exercise End Notes Chapter 2. Introduction to Border Gateway Protocol 4 Classless Interdomain Routing Who Needs BGP? BGP Basics IBGP and IGP Synchronization Managing Large-Scale BGP Peering BGP Message Formats Looking Ahead Recommended Reading Review Questions End Notes Chapter 3. Configuring and Troubleshooting Border Gateway Protocol 4 Basic BGP Configuration Managing BGP Connections Routing Policies Large-Scale BGP Looking Ahead Recommended Reading Command Summary Configuration Exercises Troubleshooting Exercises Part II: Advanced IP Routing Issues Chapter 4. Network Address Translation Operation of NAT NAT Issues Configuring NAT Troubleshooting NAT Looking Ahead Command Summary Configuration Exercises Troubleshooting Exercises End Note Chapter 5. Introduction to IP Multicast Routing Requirements for IP Multicast Multicast Routing Issues Operation of the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) Operation of Multicast OSPF (MOSPF) Operation of Core-Based Trees (CBT) Introduction to Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) Operation of Protocol Independent Multicast, Dense Mode (PIM-DM) Operation of Protocol Independent Multicast, Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) Looking Ahead Recommended Reading Command Summary Review Questions End Notes Chapter 6. Configuring and Troubleshooting IP Multicast Routing Configuring IP Multicast Routing Troubleshooting IP Multicast Routing Looking Ahead Configuration Exercises Troubleshooting Exercises Chapter 7. Large-Scale IP Multicast Routing Multicast Scoping Case Study: Multicasting Across Non-Multicast Domains Connecting to DVMRP Networks Inter-AS Multicasting Case Study: Configuring MBGP Case Study: Configuring MSDP Case Study: MSDP Mesh Groups Case Study: Anycast RP Case Study: MSDP Default Peers Command Summary Looking Ahead Review Questions End Notes Chapter 8. IP Version 6 Design Goals of IPv6 Current State of IPv6 IPv6 Packet Format IPv6 Functionality Transition from IPv4 to IPv6 Looking Ahead Recommended Reading Review Questions Chapter Bibliography End Notes Chapter 9. Router Management Policies and Procedure Definition Simple Network Management Protocol RMON Logging Syslog Network Time Protocol Accounting Configuration Management Fault Management Performance Management Security Management Designing Servers to Support Management Processes Network Robustness Lab Recommended Reading Looking Ahead Command Summary Review Questions Configuration Exercises Bibliography End Notes Part III: Appendixes Appendix A. The show ip bgp neighbors Display Appendix B. A Regular-Expression Tutorial Literals and Metacharacters Delineation: Matching the Start and End of Lines Bracketing: Matching a Set of Characters Negating: Matching Everything Except a Set of Characters Wildcard: Matching Any Single Character Alternation: Matching One of a Set of Characters Optional Characters: Matching a Character That May or May Not Be There Repetition: Matching a Number of Repeating Characters Boundaries: Delineating Literals Putting It All Together: A Complex Example Recommended Reading Appendix C. Reserved Multicast Addresses Internet Multicast Addresses References People Appendix D. Answers to Review Questions Answers to Chapter 1 Review Questions Answers to Chapter 2 Review Questions Answers to Chapter 5 Review Questions Answers to Chapter 7 Review Questions Answers to Chapter 8 Review Questions Answers to Chapter 9 Review Questions Appendix E. Answers to Configuration Exercises Answers to Chapter 1 Configuration Exercises Answers to Chapter 3 Configuration Exercises Answers to Chapter 4 Configuration Exercises Answers to Chapter 6 Configuration Exercises Answers to Chapter 9 Configuration Exercises Appendix F. Answers to Troubleshooting Exercises Answer to Chapter 1 Troubleshooting Exercise Answers to Chapter 3 Troubleshooting Exercises Answers to Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Exercises Answers to Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Exercises Index Copyright Jeff Doyle and Jennifer DeHaven Carroll Copyright © 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. Published by: Cisco Press 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. Printed in the United States of America 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Second Printing September 2001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Number: 98-86516 Warning and Disclaimer This book is designed to provide information about the TCP/IP. Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information is provided on an "as is" basis. The authors, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc. shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accompany it. The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of Cisco Systems, Inc. Feedback Information At Cisco Press, our goal is to create in-depth technical books of the highest quality and value. 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Indexer Tim Wright Proofreader Gayle Johnson Corporate Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 526-4100 European Headquarters Cisco Systems Europe 11 Rue Camille Desmoulins 92782 Issy-les-Moulineaux Cedex 9 France http://www-europe.cisco.com Tel: 33 1 58 04 60 00 Fax: 33 1 58 04 61 00 Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel:408 526-7660 Fax: 408 527-0883 Asia Pacific Headquarters Cisco Systems Australia, Pty., Ltd Level 17, 99 Walker Street North Sydney NSW 2059 Australia http://www.cisco.com Tel: +61 2 8448 7100 Fax: +61 2 9957 4350 Cisco Systems has more than 200 offices in the following countries. 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Access Registrar, AccessPath, Are You Ready, ATM Director, Browse with Me, CCDA, CCDE, CCDP, CCIE, CCNA, CCNP, CCSI, CD-PAC, CiscoLink, the Cisco NetWorks logo, the Cisco Powered Network logo, Cisco Systems Networking Academy, Fast Step, FireRunner, Follow Me Browsing, FormShare, GigaStack, IGX, Intelligence in the Optical Core, Internet Quotient, IP/VC, iQ Breakthrough, iQ Expertise, iQ FastTrack, iQuick Study, iQ Readiness Scorecard, The iQ Logo, Kernel Proxy, MGX, Natural Network Viewer, Network Registrar, the Networkers logo, Packet, PIX, Point and Click Internetworking, Policy Builder, RateMUX, ReyMaster, ReyView, ScriptShare, Secure Script, Shop with Me, SlideCast, SMARTnet, SVX, TrafficDirector, TransPath, VlanDirector, Voice LAN, Wavelength Router, Workgroup Director, and Workgroup Stack are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn, Empowering the Internet Generation, are service marks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Aironet, ASIST, BPX, Catalyst, Cisco, the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert Logo, Cisco IOS, the Cisco IOS logo, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems logo, Collision Free, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherSwitch, FastHub, FastLink, FastPAD, IOS, IP/TV, IPX, LightStream, LightSwitch, MICA, NetRanger, Post-Routing, Pre-Routing, Registrar, StrataView Plus, Stratm, SwitchProbe, TeleRouter, are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other countries. All other brands, names, or trademarks mentioned in this document or Web site are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (0010R) Printed in the USA on recycled paper containing 10% postconsumer waste. Trademark Acknowledgments All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc. cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Dedications Jeff Doyle: This book is dedicated to my wife, Sara, and my children, Anna, Carol, James, and Katherine. They are my refuge, and they keep me sane, humble, and happy. Jennifer DeHaven Carroll: To my husband, Mike, and son, Mitchell, who continue to encourage me. About the Authors Jeff Doyle, CCIE #1919, is a Professional Services Consultant with Juniper Networks, Inc. in Denver, Colorado. Specializing in IP routing protocols and MPLS Traffic Engineering, Jeff has helped design and implement large-scale Internet service provider networks throughout North America, Europe, and Asia. Jeff has also lectured on advanced networking technologies at service provider forums such as the North American Network Operators' Group (NANOG) and the Asia Pacific Regional Internet Conference on Operational Technologies (APRICOT). Prior to joining Juniper Networks, Jeff was a Senior Network Systems Consultant with International Network Services. Jeff can be contacted at [email protected] Jennifer DeHaven Carroll, is a principal consultant with Lucent technologies and is a Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (CCIE # 1402). She has planned, designed, and implemented many large networks over the past 13 years. She has also developed and taught theory and Cisco implementation classes on all IP routing protocols. Jenny can be reached at [email protected]
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